DoW Contracting for Startups 101 | Andreessen Horowitz
TLDR
- A practical map of how startups enter and survive the Department of Defense procurement process, from SBIR grants through Program of Record.
Key Takeaways
- SBIR Phase I pays $50K-$225K; Phase II pays $750K-$1.5M; Phase III unlocks sole-source contracts without further competition.
- OTAs (Other Transaction Agreements) bypass Federal Acquisition Regulation, enabling rapid prototyping; OTs can transition directly to production scale.
- Bridge programs STRATFI ($3M-$15M) and TACFI ($375K-$1.7M) connect SBIR-stage companies to sustained Air Force funding.
- Compliance prerequisites FedRAMP, CMMC, and ITAR must be addressed early; failure creates deal-blocking bottlenecks at contract close.
- Service branches control 75%+ of R&D dollars through innovation hubs: AFWERX, Army Applications Lab, NavalX, SOFWERX.
Why It Matters
- The “Valley of Death” between R&D and procurement kills most defense startups; surviving requires a formal Program of Record with congressional inclusion.
- Anduril (300+ border towers), Palantir (Army TITAN prime), Shield AI, and Skydio show that non-traditional paths through OTs and SBIR can reach production scale.
- 2025-2026 reforms renamed PEOs to CPEs, introduced Portfolio Acquisition Executives, and added new caps on SBIR applications to eliminate grant-farming abuse.
Andreessen Horowitz · 2026-04-23 · Read the original